The distribution electricity grid: new challenges and risks

The distribution grid is expected to undergo annual demand and capacity changes in the current uncertain market. Using data from the Portuguese DSO, the paper found a 57% peak demand index in primary substations and a 40% capacity availability for both standardized and non-standardized substations. Despite projections showing the grid can handle current energy demands, especially from the transportation sector, there are looming challenges ahead. Due to policy changes, increasing EV adoption, and the rise of prosumers, constant monitoring of grid capacity in primary and secondary substations is crucial. The paper also suggests strategies like traditional investments, load management, and a new self-consumption paradigm in Portugal as a non-traditional tool.