La inteligencia artificial en educación: consideraciones éticas y fomento al pensamiento crítico

This study conducts a systematic literature review on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in education, focusing on ethical considerations and the promotion of critical thinking. Given the increasing use of AI tools in education, it is essential to reflect on the associated challenges and opportunities. UNESCO has established the need for ethical principles to ensure that these technologies respect human rights and contribute to well-being. The analysis addresses topics such as equity, privacy, transparency, and the role of AI in fostering critical thinking, as identified in UNESCO reports on the impact of AI on education. Through the review of existing research, best practices and recommendations are identified for institutions to implement ethical codes and policies that ensure the responsible use of AI, prioritizing students’ well-being and enhancing their analytical and questioning abilities. This aligns with UNESCO’s emphasis on the key role of educators in fostering critical thinking in the face of emerging technologies. The implementation of artificial intelligence in education requires not only access to these tools but also the capability of educators to guide students in their reflective and ethical use. Thus, educators play an essential role in promoting a critical approach that allows students to analyze and question the impact of these technologies on their learning and society.