Time-course Analysis of Bone Loss Induced by Bilateral Ovariectomy in BDF-1 Hybrid Mice

Objectives: Osteoporosis is a major health concern in postmenopausal women.The aim of this study was to investigate the time-course bone loss phenomenon caused by bilateral ovariectomy (biOVX) through bioimaging, biochemical, and histological analyses.Methods: In this study, 8-week-old BDF-1 hybrid female mice were subjected to biOVX to induce bone loss.Following biOVX, the mice were randomly assigned to five groups (sham control without biOVX, and groups sacrificed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-biOVX).The mice were sacrificed to collect dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry images, blood serum, and bone samples for further analysis at 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-biOVX.Results: Four weeks after biOVX, all osteoporosis-related biomarkers (serum Ca + , Mg + , bone mineral content, bone mineral density [BMD], and bone volume [BV] in the femur) were significantly decreased compared with sham controls.Bilateral OVX continued to show reduced serum Ca + , BMD, and BV at 8 weeks post-surgery.Histomorphological changes in the femoral bone were also observed at 4 weeks and persisted until 12 weeks post-biOVX. Conclusion:This study confirmed the time-course bone loss caused by biOVX through X-ray imaging, biochemical, and histological analyses.Based on these findings, we suggest that biOVX is a robust model for studying osteoporosis.However, further studies are still required.