Cyanobacteria and Microalgae, and the Phenomenon of “Trained Immunity” in Mouse C57Bl/6 Macrophages

The effect of extracts of cyanobacteria and microalgae from various taxa and habitats on the establishment of immunity" phenomena in macrophages of C57Bl/6 mice was studied. Peritoneal macrophages were stimulated with an intraperitoneal dose of 1 ml/mouse 4% starch solution or 0.5 mg/mouse BCG vaccination. The metabolic shift in macrophages (glycolysis, lactate production) and the generation of NO and reactive oxygen species were used to determine the "trained immunity" phenomena. In mouse macrophages, glycolysis, lactate synthesis, NO, and the creation of reactive oxygen species were affected by cell pre-priming, cyanobacteria, and microalgae type. The combination of extracts and lipopolysaccharide increased NO production by macrophages in unprimed cells, but priming with BCG vaccination resulted in increased glycolysis and suppression of lactate synthesis, and the opposite pattern was observed when macrophages were primed with starch. As a result, we found no evidence of a typical metabolic rearrangement in peritoneal macrophages from C57Bl/6 mice.