Solutions for net-zero energy-oriented renovation of buildings: Case of a low apartment building in tropical climate

The project seeks to convert apartment buildings in Panama into net-zero energy buildings, taking advantage of the potential for energy savings and emissions reductions in the region. The study includes collecting similar developments, defining a typical building according to Panamanian regulations, and surveying Panama City to obtain design data. DesignBuilder with EnergyPlus software simulates a four-story building, identifying energy efficiency measures for the tropical climate and estimating savings and thermal comfort. The simulations are divided into three phases: consumption and comfort evaluation, analysis of important design variables, and multi-objective optimization. The first phase evaluates energy consumption and comfort in the most occupied areas of the building. The second phase identifies significant design variables, such as glass type and exterior wall material. The third phase looks for technically and economically feasible solutions, highlighting clay brick walls. Multi-objective optimization analysis was performed with plots, pivot tables, and a multivariate analysis in orange software. Solutions for tropical climates are essential for environmental sustainability, energy efficiency, adaptation to climate change, and fostering innovation and economic development.