The threat of ocean acidification and its consequences for marine life and the coastal economy

The study aims to assess the impact of ocean acidification on marine biodiversity and coastal economies dependent on these ecosystems. To this end, a review of the existing scientific literature was carried out, covering studies on ocean chemistry, marine biology and economic sciences. The methodology included a comparative analysis of data on ocean pH decline and its effects on calcifying organisms, as well as the modeling of possible future economic scenarios for coastal communities. The results reveal that acidification is causing a decrease in the ability of species such as corals and mollusks to form calcareous structures, leading to increased mortality and alterations in marine food webs. In addition, coastal communities, particularly those dependent on fishing and tourism, could face severe economic losses due to declines in biodiversity and the health of marine ecosystems. The study underscores the urgent need to implement mitigation and adaptation strategies to reduce the impacts of ocean acidification and protect both marine life and coastal economies.