The Characteristics of Visual Perceptual Boundaries in Ma Yansong Architecture

As modern architectural design continues to diversify and methods of spatial experience and cognition evolve, boundary studies in architecture have become an important topic. Architecture goes beyond merely dividing physical space, treating boundaries as crucial elements in recognition, cognition, and the interaction of functions. Ma Yansong’s architecture, characterized by bold forms and innovative spatial approaches, prompts a new reevaluation of the boundary concept. His works emphasize the integration of architecture and nature, flexible functional distribution, and dynamic visual experiences. Through these elements, architectural boundaries exhibit unique visual characteristics on physical, cognitive, and functional levels. This study aims to explore the boundary features of Ma Yansong’s architecture through the lens of visual perception theory, analyzing their practical manifestations in spatial design. By reviewing prior research on visual perception theory and spatial boundary theory, the study clarifies the mechanisms of boundary formation and examines the apparent characteristics and functional roles within architectural theory. Drawing on research findings related to visual perception, it systematically investigates how this theory is reflected in architectural features, specifically analyzing Ma Yansong’s boundary characteristics. The results reveal that Ma Yansong’s architectural spaces demonstrate boundary features such as visual permeability, perceptual differentiation, and dynamic viewpoint boundaries. This study concludes that visual perception theory provides a novel framework for exploring architectural boundaries, particularly valuable for understanding natural integration and functional flexibility.