Investigating Core Sustainability Components of Eco-Friendly Cutting Fluids Employing Hybrid Nano-Conglomerates

This paper aims to discuss the biodegradability aspects of conglomerated nano-cutting fluids. Nano molybdenum di sulfide (nM) and nano titanium dioxide (nT) particles are mixed with green base fluids (gBf), and cutting fluids are formulated. Coconut oil (CC) and Canola (Can) are used as base oils to prepare the hybrid nanofluid (hnf) blends. Absorbance, biodegradability index, and microbial contamination of the blends are examined. The properties are measured using respective measurement devices. It was found that the biodegradability index for the formulations was between 0.3 and 0.4. at 0.5% hnf with nM and nT in Cc base fluid, the extent of biodegradation is 0.3525%, compared to other cases. The range within which the biodegradability index lies indicates that through seeding, the disposed fluids can be biologically treated and do not incur harm to the environment. Moreover, being supplied at a minimum quantity of 15ml/min in machining, the quantity of cutting fluids is very less. Microbial contamination (Mbc) is observed to be significant with Cc-based conglomerates compared to the other cases. Mbc for synthetic cutting fluid is more than pure oil blends. Among all the cases considered, hnf blends with CC resulted in less Mbc, followed by Can-based blends.