Effect of Articaine on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Implant Surgery

Local anesthesia is a safe and effective way to control pain during surgical procedures by inhibiting the spread of nerve impulses to the cerebral cortex. Objective: To evaluate the effect of articaine 4% with epinephrine 1:100,000 on blood pressure and heart rate: pre anesthesia, post-anesthesia and post-surgery of dental implants. Method: Clinical research with minimal risk, observational, cohort analysis. The sample was 31 patients over 18 years of age, with an informed consent sign, mean age 57.3 ± 12.22 years, 20 women (64.5%) and 11 men (35.5%), healthy (ASA I) or with medically controlled diseases (ASA II), selected for any dental implantology surgical procedure. In a semi-supine position in the dental unit, systolic, diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) and heart rate (c/sec) at the level of the radial artery of the left forearm using a digital blood pressure monitor (SCANMED),® pre surgery, 10 minutes after administration of 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine, dose of 3.6 milliliters (2 carbines) and post¬ surgery. Statistical analysis using Shapiro Wilk tests, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation. Results: Systolic blood pressure showed a slight increase 10 minutes after local anesthetic and a slight decrease after surgery (122.6 ± 10.4, 126.5 ± 14.1 and 124.5 ± 9.8). Diastolic blood pressure increased gradually and progressively after administration of the local anesthetic and at the end finalize the procedure (75.5 ± 8.3, 77.5 ± 9.4 and 79.6 ± 9.3). The heart rate remained 10 minutes after the application of the anesthetic and decreased slightly at the end of surgery (83.5 ± 9.5, 83.6 ± 8.7 and 81 ± 8.3 c/second), with no statistically significant variations (p>0.05). Conclusion: The use of 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine does not significantly affect (p>0,05) Heart rat, blood pressure and heart rate values before and after dental implant surgery.