WSAN in Smart Agriculture

New information and communication technologies have enabled the emergence of new applications in all areas of professional and social life. The new machines are capable of optimizing and securing production in quantity and quality in a faster, more precise and more personalized way. Modern agriculture, like other sectors, benefits from these technological advances and it is also experiencing profound changes and its automation improves production quantitatively and qualitatively. This work presents some elements of management of a large farm entirely controlled by a set of wireless sensors/actuator nodes connected to remote processing centres. Information concerning the state of plants and their environments is collected using specialized sensors; it is conveyed via the wireless network of sensors to far base stations, which will be delivered to the processing centres. The latter, after processing these data, elaborates the appropriate instructions and sends them back to the corresponding nodes so that the required actions are triggered using specific actuators. The plants occupy different surfaces, are supposed to be of various natures and the associated material must be heterogeneous. (Sensors, actuators, storage and processing resources, etc.). For this reason, the wireless sensor/actuator network must be heterogeneous and, therefore, at the level of the implementation of the routing protocol, the choice fell on heterogeneous routing protocols.