Modernization of instruments of state regulation of monetary processes in the economy in the context of geo-economic and geopolitical challenges

Monetary processes taking place in the modern world and caused, among other things, by the influence of geo-economic and geopolitical factors, play a key role in the formation and maintenance of sustainable development and economic growth of national socio-economic systems, which requires the construction and functioning of an effective system of state regulation of monetary (monetary), financial and currency spheres. However, macroeconomic processes and trends in their development, covering various spheres of state activity, indicate that traditional conceptual, methodological and institutional-applied approaches to their regulation do not always ensure the stability of the financial system and its key components (in particular, the monetary system), which has a decisive influence on the parameters, mechanisms and instruments for the implementation of state monetary policy, especially in the context of taking monetary impact measures to level social inequality in society against the background of the complication of the current situation in the country and the world as a whole, determined by the influence of geo-economic and geopolitical factors and a high level of uncertainty. The purpose of the study is to provide a theoretical and methodological justification for the need to modernize applied tools for the implementation of state monetary policy in Russia, in order to maintain the pace of economic growth of its economy, against the background of restrictions imposed on our state due to the influence of both exogenous and endogenous factors. The basis for writing the article was a systematic approach structured according to the problems of the studied areas. The results of the conducted research can serve as a basis for developing recommendations on improving the mechanism of state regulation of monetary processes in modern conditions of the functioning of the national economy, characterized by an increase in crisis factors of an endogenous nature, uncertainty of the macroeconomic context, etc.