Research on the flow field and vibration characteristics of aerostatic bearing with conical chambers

This study investigates the influence of various cone cavity sizes on the flow characteristics and vibration behavior of the gas film flow field in aerostatic bearings with conical chambers under operational conditions. Utilizing a fluid-structure coupling approach, the vibration performance of the conical cavity shaft under external excitation is analyzed. Experimental tests are conducted to evaluate the vibration characteristics of the conical cavity bearing. To facilitate this, an aerostatic bearing test bench is designed to assess the shaft's vibration response under load impacts. The experimental results are compared with simulation outcomes to validate the reliability of the simulation model. The findings indicate that when the height of the conical cavity is 0.1 mm with a 50° angle, there is no supersonic airflow present in the bearing's internal flow field, and the vortex effect is minimal. Conversely, at a conical cavity height of 0.2 mm and a 50° angle, the amplitude of the shaft's response to external excitation is reduced, and the response time is notably short. Overall, the experimental results align well with the trends observed in the simulation data. This research offers valuable theoretical insights for the high-precision machining of aerostatic bearings.