Analysing Umrah Attributes in Relation to Tourist Travel Behaviour: A Systematic Literature Review of Religious Destinations and Future Perspectives

The study of Umrah religious tourism often focuses on understanding factors influencing Umrah travel behaviors. Despite the attention given to Umrah travel behavior, comprehensive reviews on this topic remain scarce. This is particularly evident with recent developments in the religious tourism industry. To address this research gap, the current study investigates Umrah travelers' behavior and highlights research gaps to guide researchers in developing their future studies on Umrah religious tourism. This study provides a holistic and comprehensive understanding of Umrah attributes related to tourist travel behavior. It achieves this by: 1) Identifying distribution by year, the journals' geographic distribution of publications, data analysis techniques, methodology, and theories used. 2) Proposing future research directions. 3) Offering practical guidelines for management and marketing. This systematic literature review analyzed 20 Scopus and WOS articles from 2013 to 2023. It examined attributes influencing Umrah travel behaviors and categorized these into seven key themes: personal, destination image, demographics, psychological factors, travel accommodation, experiences, and perceived risks. The findings emphasize the need for deeper exploration of the connections between Umrah attributes and travel behavior. Policymakers and destination managers can take targeted actions to improve the pilgrimage experience.