Literature Review on Extrasolar Planets (Exoplanets)

The discovery of exoplanets since 1995 has revolutionized our understanding of planets and planetary systems.This paper reviews major detection techniques such as radial velocity, transit photometry, direct imaging, gravitational microlensing, astrometry, and pulsar timing, focusing on their strengths, limitations, and findings.It also highlights significant missions like Kepler, TESS, Gaia, and future contributions of the JWST.A synthesis of the literature reveals the critical role of interdisciplinary approaches and advancing technology in the ongoing search for habitable exoplanets and extraterrestrial life.This paper has also discussed about Exomoons and Exorings, which are less explored, but an advancing area in the exoplanetary science.