Update of Non-Thermal Non-Tumescent Technique for Varicose Vein Treatment

Non-thermal non-tumescent Varicose vein Superficial vein incompetenceNon-thermal, non-tumescent (NTNT) techniques for varicose vein treatment have gained significant attention as alternatives to traditional thermal ablation methods, providing less invasive options with fewer complications and less downtime.This review examines the efficacy, safety, and patient outcomes associated with NTNT modalities such as cyanoacrylate adhesive closure, mechanochemical ablation (MOCA), and polidocanol endovenous microfoam (PEM).Recent trials suggest these NTNT methods achieve closure rates comparable to thermal methods, with lower complication rates and improved patient satisfaction.Key metrics from recent studies, including technical success, recurrence rates, and complication profiles, underscore the promise of NTNT techniques as first-line therapies.Findings also indicate variability in recurrence rates and complication profiles depending on vein anatomy and patient characteristics.In conclusion, NTNT approaches represent a promising evolution in varicose vein treatment, warranting further studies to standardize outcomes and optimize patient selection.