Enhancing Türkiye's Renewable Energy Capacity: An Advanced Hybrid Model for Combined Offshore Wind and Wave Turbines Design Utilizing Hydrodynamic and Monte Carlo Simulations

Demir, A.K, Balas, C.E., and Balas L., 2024. Enhancing Türkiye's renewable energy capacity: An advanced hybrid model for combined offshore wind and wave turbines design utilizing Hydrodynamic and Monte Carlo Simulations. In: Phillips, M.R.; Al-Naemi, S., and Duarte, C.M. (eds.), Coastlines under Global Change: Proceedings from the International Coastal Symposium (ICS) 2024 (Doha, Qatar). Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 113, pp. 793-798. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN 0749-0208. Blue energy is the hydro-based energy sources of tidal, wave, and offshore wind, presenting a vital opportunity for Türkiye to diminish its reliance on external energy sources, such as natural gas and oil, thereby enhancing the diversity of domestic energy sources within its national energy mix. Despite Türkiye's advantageous geographic position, enclosed by seas on three sides, offshore blue energy development has not been started. Exploring Türkiye's offshore blue power capacity is crucial for aligning with energy policy objectives. Notably, the coastlines of Kıyıköy at the Black Sea are prime locations for offshore blue energy development, with the country's offshore blue energy potential estimated as approximately 1700 MW. The hybrid design model of combined wind and wave turbines contributes to a sustainable blue economy through Maritime Spatial Planning by providing infrastructure for new projects. This study aims to introduce a hybrid model for conceptualizing combined offshore wind, wave and hydrokinetic turbines. The hybrid design model integrates wind, wave, and current sub-models to derive probability distributions of environmental parameters, simulating site-specific conditions for combined turbine design. The study uses these distributions to use a reliability-based design model of Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS). The significance of blue energy for Türkiye's sustainable development is underscored, with the construction of Combined Wind & Wave Turbines emerging as a strategic initiative towards alternative energy solutions. This holistic approach is encapsulated in the newly developed Hybrid Hydrodynamic Coupled Monte Carlo Simulation Design Model, which is applied to the design of Combined Wind & Wave Turbines. This model integrates risk analyses with a hydrodynamic transport model to accurately account for the variable hydrodynamic properties, currents, and waves at the limit state, highlighting its potential to significantly contribute to Türkiye's blue energy and sustainable development goals.