O PROCESSO HISTÓRICO DAS PENAS

The implementation of penalties for delinquency has been socially shaped throughout history. Punitive practices, initially based on torture and physical punishment, were gradually replaced by more sophisticated and subtle methods. Therefore, the aim of this study, through a historiographical approach, bibliographical review and data categorization, was to understand how the system of penalties has been transformed throughout history. Furthermore, it was important to highlight the relevance of the promulgation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and what this declaration represented for the evolution of penalties, establishing fundamental principles of justice, equality and dignity for all.