ROLE OF DISCRETE REINFORCEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION OF THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF DECORATIVE COMPOSITES

The article proposes to consider decorative materials and products in the form of open difficult organized systems that interact with the environment permanently and react to the totality of external influences. It is proposed to apply a multi-level discrete reinforcement of material structures of products in order to maintain functional properties at a given level. Discrete reinforcement as an initial component is able to participate in the processes of structure formation at all levels of structural heterogeneity of decorative composite. A mechanism of microstructure organization of dispersed-reinforced material was studied on various models of different dispersed systems. Experimental studies were conducted in several stages. At the first stage, models of physical interaction of particles of dispersed phase on the surface of the dispersion model were used. At the second stage, physical models of clay-water and polymer-containing systems were used to assess the degree of fiber dispersion and analyze the kinetics of cluster substructures formation of a microstructure of reinforced composites. The analysis of models of interparticle interactions made it possible to identify that a filling of cluster structures with discrete reinforcement increases a structural diversity of the system. Cluster substructures of different nature are formed depending on the ratio of linear particles and dispersed grains. Analysis of the properties of different compositions of the clay composition proves that the diversity of cluster substructures provides an opportunity to improve structural parameters of the dispersed system. Studies have shown that a value of volumetric deformations is determined by the initial composition of the clay. The use of fiber of an optimal geometry in the compositions provides structures with significantly fewer defects. The distribution of residual stresses and deformations in an optically sensitive polymer is considered on the example of manufactured physical models, providing an irrefutable proof that linear particles are capable of perception and redistribution of deformations. Visual analysis isochrome of polymer samples demonstrated that the presence of fiber in the composite changes the nature of distribution of volumetric deformations.