A comparative study of the application of PBM therapy in the treatment of temporomandibular joint diseases (TMD)

Abstract: Objective: This research explores the improvement in functional gains, jaw motions, and quality of life in individuals with muscular TMD, as well as the effectiveness of photobiomodulation treatment. Methodology: Eleven women, ages 25 to 55, with mild to moderately severe temporomandibular dysfunction affecting both sides of their bodies, were included in the study. Using random assignment, the participants were divided into two groups: the experimental group was given even numbers, while the control group was assigned odd numbers. Each group was first created by choosing eight women. The experimental group consisted of five women who underwent photobiomodulation. Results: The experimental group had considerably greater readings for all motions, including protrusion (p = 0.037), sides (p = 0.0025; p = 0.0014), and opening (p = 0.039), according to an examination of the groups. The control group's findings were statistically significant only for the measurements on the left and right (p = 0.0030 and 0.0026, respectively). Numerous traits associated with mandibular mobility showed a discernible improvement before and after therapy in the EG. These variables include noise at the right and left TMJ during opening and closing of the mouth (p = 0.019), noise at the right and left TMJ during protrusion (p = 0.147; p = 0.049), noise at the right and left TMJ during opening of the mouth (p = 0.028; p = 0.038), and noise at the left TMJ during opening of the mouth (p = 0.012). There was only a reduction in left-sided pain (p = 0.019) for the control group when comparing mandibular movements before and after treatment. Conclusion: In conclusion, photobiomodulation treatment improved orofacial myofunctional therapy results, which increased speech therapy's efficacy in treating temporomandibular disorders.