Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Withania Somnifera Methanol Extract

Across the globe, human civilizations share knowledge about the therapeutic potential of plants. Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal) is frequently used in traditional medicine, particularly in the Jazan province of Saudi Arabia. This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of the leaf extract from this plant. Withania somnifera was collected from Jazan Province. Methanol-water extract was prepared and tested for its antimicrobial capacities. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans fungus were the subjects of this investigation. In addition, its chemical composition was explored through Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results proved that the extract has an important antimicrobial effect against the tested microorganisms, compared to tetracycline. Besides, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed several bioactive molecules within this extract. Amongst, an Amphetamine-like compound was detected. This may explain the antidepressant effect of this plant. These findings illustrate the effectiveness of this plant in treating a variety of illnesses, including skin conditions, in the Jazan community. The outcomes of this study argue the necessity of further research on Withania somnifera, endemic to the province of Jazan, to identify its bioactive compounds and convert them into pharmaceutical products.