MedSecure: Blockchain-enhanced patient data security with asymmetric cryptography and MFA

In the rapidly evolving digital landscape, safeguarding sensitive patient information is crucial for healthcare systems. Traditional data management systems encounter significant security vulnerabilities, lack of decentralisation, and limited user access. This paper introduces a secure and decentralized patient data management system utilising a custom blockchain framework combined with asymmetric cryptography. The system employs Python for algorithm development, OpenSSL for RSA encryption, and a custom PHP-based blockchain to create a secure, decentralised platform. Patient data is encrypted with public keys, ensuring that only authorized healthcare providers can access it using corresponding private keys and access tokens. Multi-factor authentication (MFA) via SMS further enhances security by controlling access to these keys. The system’s key modules—key management, data encryption, blockchain storage, and a centralized ID resolver—ensure robust security, data integrity, and controlled accessibility of patient data. Blockchain integration maintains a secure, tamper-proof ledger of all data transactions, improving privacy, data integrity, and healthcare delivery by ensuring secure and authorized access to patient information.