Nutritional Profiling of Ready-To-Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF) From Sesame, Wheat, and Soybeans Blends: A Comprehensive Assessment

Ready-to-use therapeutic foods (RUTFs) are specialized nutritional products designed to treat severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in children and adults. This study aimed to develop a locally formulated RUTF using a Sesame-Wheat-Soybeans blend (SWS-RUTF). Three distinct formulations were created with varying proportions of sesame, wheat, and soybeans: SWS-RUTF1 (25:10:30), SWS-RUTF2 (25:15:25), and SWS-RUTF3 (20:10:35), with soy oil, sugar, and mineral-vitamin mix comprising the remaining 35%. A statistical analysis revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) in the proximate composition of the products – carbohydrates: 49-54%, crude protein: 24-28%, lipids: 9-11%, and energy value: 404-411 kcal. The amino acid scores for the three formulations were – SWS-RUTF1: 72 (PDCAAS), 62 (PDCAAS), and 1.08 (Protein Efficiency Ratio); SWS-RUTF2: 65 (PDCAAS), 55 (PDCAAS), and 1.07 (Protein Efficiency Ratio); SWS-RUTF3: 75 (PDCAAS), 67 (PDCAAS), and 1.10 (Protein Efficiency Ratio). These findings suggest that the developed SWS-RUTF formulations demonstrate potential as effective RUTFs, with opportunities for further optimization. Reformulation strategies should prioritize balancing protein and fat contents; enhancing mineral and essential amino acid profiles; optimizing anti-nutrient management; and ensuring adequate caloric density. By addressing these deficiencies and aligning with international RUTF standards, the revised SWS-RUTF formulation can effectively support the recovery and well-being of children suffering from SAM.