Exploring Intelligent Technologies for Waste Management: A Comprehensive Literature Review

The fast growth of information and communication technology (ICT) has made it a necessary component of contemporary solid waste management (SWM) system planning and design. ICTs are divided into four sections to assist in the planning, monitoring, collection, and management of solid waste: spatial technologies, identification technologies, data collecting technologies, and data transmission technologies. The basis of the ICT-based SWM systems categorized in this article is formed by the first three technologies, with the fourth technology being utilized by almost all systems. Waste, in all its forms solid, gaseous, and liquid increases and affects the entire world as a result of population expansion, urbanization, and industry. Waste management includes reuse, recycling, reducing the amount of rubbish produced, and other strategies to mitigate the effects of waste generation brought on by increasing population growth and industrialization. In order to solve issues with trash creation, waste collection, waste transportation, waste treatment, and waste disposal methods, monitoring is one of the most crucial parts of waste management. In waste management, artificial intelligence (AI) solutions were proposed, such as the application of convolutional neural networks and other AI technologies for efficient garbage recognition and sorting. Spatial analysis is a prominent area of study in environmental studies and collection, archiving, analysis, and mapping of spatial data. Topology, raster, attribute data, and features make up the majority of spatial data.