EFFORTS TO PREVENT GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS THROUGH PRECONCEPTION COUNSELING AND NUTRITION REGULATION: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Research has revealed that pregnant women are a vulnerable group to experience gestational diabetes mellitus (DMG). One approach that has proven effective is preconception counseling (KP) and nutrition management (PN), which aims to prepare expectant mothers for health before pregnancy and minimize the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (DMG) and other related complications. The purpose of this study is to summarize the current research on KP and PN which aims to prevent the occurrence of DMG in pregnant women. This systematic review using narrative synthesis follows PRISMA's guidelines. The literature search was carried out with a deadline of 2014-2024 using the databases ERIC, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Scopus, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and the reference list of relevant studies resulted in 7 studies. The findings highlight the importance of PK and PN to prevent DMG in pregnant women which is very significant. Preconception counselling (KP) was found to be associated with a decrease in DMG indicators such as blood glucose and plasma glucose for pregnant women at risk of DMG. This review clearly shows the beneficial effects of prioritizing the prevention of maternal DMG through KP and PN. Further research is needed to develop new interventions involving KP and PN-based programs or activities to promote health in pregnant women at risk of DMG.