INFLUENCE OF WINTER RAPE FERTILIZATION SYSTEM ON THE CONDITION OF PLANTS BEFORE ENTERING WINTER AND ITS SURVIVAL

The results of a three-year cycle of studying the effect of the combined fertilization system of winter rape on the formation of plant architecture before entering winter and their overall survival during the growing season for two genotypes of medium early and medium ripeness groups are presented. The formation of the basic idiotypic parameters of winter rape plants, which determine the success of their overwintering, namely: diameter of the root collar, height of the growth point above the soil surface, number of formed leaves in the rosette, length of the root system, was investigated and evaluated, and the overall survival of winter rape plants at the final stage of plant maturation (yellow pod) was estimated. The obtained long-term averages were compared with the recommended optimized values of the ratio of certain morphological parameters from the point of view of the factor influence on their formation of the constituent variants of the main and pre-sowing fertilization, the use of growth-regulating drugs and the system of foliar fertilization. The specificity of interaction of fertilizer variants with genotypic response in the context of maturity groups of rapeseed hybrids was evaluated separately. The increase in plant morphometry before their entry into winter and the peculiarities of the gradations of winter rape plant survival in the context of combinatorial experimental variants were evaluated to establish the peculiarities of the gradational comparison of fertilizer intensity both within individual factors of the experiment and in general. Conclusions were drawn regarding the effective possibility of adjusting both the desired morphometry of winter rape plants before their entry into winter and their survival rate during the achievement of physiological maturity by designing an appropriate mineral nutrition system. The achievement of the optimal variant of winter rape plant architecture and their preservation in the variant of combining the technological scheme of fertilization for hybrids of medium early and medium ripeness groups of winter rape, which provides for the following scheme of phenostage operational application BBCH 00, was determined: Diammophoska N-10% P-26% K-26% +1S (144 kg ha-1 for plowing) + Rosafert 15-15-15 (150 kg ha-1 for sowing) + BBCH 19-20 (on frozen ground): UAN-32 (189 l ha-1) + Ammonium Thiosulfate (22 l ha-1) + BBSN 14-16: Regulator Bukat (thiconazole 500 g l-1) (0.5 l ha-1)) + BBCH 35–39: Karamba Turbo 0.65 l ha-1 + Bukat 0.35 l ha-1 + BBCH 31–34: Rosalic (B) (1 l ha-1) + adjuvant Spray-Aid (0.08 l ha-1) + BBCH 51–53: Rosasol 18-18-18 + ME (3 kg ha-1) + adjuvant Spray-Aid (0.08 l ha-1).