A Survey on IoT Security: Vulnerability Detection and Protection

The persistent evolution of Internet of Things (IoT) devices across various sectors, including industrial applications, smart homes, and smart cities, has elevated the discourse surrounding the security of these devices to a pivotal status. Considering the pivotal role that IoT devices play when integrated into environments of grave import, such as manufacturing facilities and healthcare establishments, the potential for catastrophic consequences following a security breach is both profound and incalculable. It is, therefore, a matter of utmost priority to fortify the security protocols surrounding IoT devices. To effectively address the various security threats that confront IoT devices, a multi-dimensional investigative approach is mandated. This paper initiates with an elucidation of the research backdrop and a primer on the fundamental principles of IoT devices, then discusses the current state of IoT device security from two different dimensions: vulnerability detection and protective measures. Additionally, we forecast and discuss the research directions on vulnerability detection and protection measures for IoT devices.