Two-phase MHD peristaltic flow of non-Newtonian Casson fluid through the renal tube in the presence of microliths

The ureter regulates urine flow and has one to five peristaltic contractions per minute. Understanding this fluid dynamics is crucial for improving treatments, especially for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Investigating the peristaltic motion of a Casson fluid with suspended particles is essential for improving urological treatments and developing effective interventions. The core part of the article expresses the flow pattern of urine with debris in the urine stream which interrupt the flow within the ureter. The novelty of the current research lies in the simultaneous consideration of various factors that have not been previously explored in peristaltic urological transport. The results declare that the drag particulate suspension parameter $(\zeta)$ has a decelerating impact on the velocity of the particles while simultaneously accelerating the velocity of the fluid phase. Increased C leads to a notable decrease in the temperature of the fluid phase, while a rise in both the Eckert number (Ec) and Saffman suspension parameters $(\zeta)$ results in an inclination in temperature in the peristaltic regime. This research is relevant for conducting heat-dose sensitivity tests, which are essential for effective CKD treatment.