Do associations between mindfulness and cognitive reserve vary by APOE e4 carrier status?

Mindfulness practice was associated with enhanced cognitive reserve in memory, executive function, and language among APOE ε4 carriers, but not in non-carriers. This differential impact underscores the potential of mindfulness-based interventions in improving cognitive outcomes, particularly for those at higher risk for dementia due to APOE ε4 carrier status. The cross-sectional nature of the study limits the ability to infer causality; however, the patterns observed suggest that future longitudinal studies are warranted to explore these relationships.