The relationship between age and gender and radiological features of Adult Spinal Deformity (ASD) based on modified SRS – Schwab Classification at Airlangga University Teaching Hospital

Background: Adult spinal deformity (ASD) includes spectrum heterogeneous abnormalities, which involve the lumbar or thoracolumbar segment during adulthood. In this research, age, and gender are used to describe radiological Adult Spinal Deformity based on the modified SRS-Schwab classification. Methods: This research is an observational analytical study using a cross-sectional design from AP/Lateral lumbar/lumbosacral radiological images in 2021. Patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD) were assessed based on AP/Lateral lumbar/lumbosacral X-ray radiology at Dr. Soetomo and Airlangga University Hospital; age, gender, and radiological parameters in the sagittal and coronal planes were analyzed. Results: This research's data comprised 228 samples (95 men and 133 women). The characteristics of the coronal plane with respect to age were tested for correlation with Cobb angle, lateral listhesis, and intercrest line with correlation coefficients (r) of 0.154, 0.221, and 0.020 (p = 0.020, 0.001, and 0.760). In the sagittal plane, the correlation test between age and lumbar lordosis, osteoporotic bone obtained r values of 0.113 and 0.462 (p = 0.08 and 0.001). Correlation tests between gender and the characteristics of the coronal plane Cobb angle, lateral listhesis, and intercrest line obtained correlation coefficient values of 0.123, 0.198, and 0.185 (p 0.063, 0.003, and 0.005). For the sagittal plane parameters, the correlation coefficient (r) values for the lumbar lordosis and osteoporotic bone parameters were 0.089 and 0.016 (p 0.181 and 0.812). Conclusion: There is a correlation between age and Cobb angle, lateral listhesis, and osteoporotic bone. Also, gender correlates with lateral listhesis and intercrest line.