A Study on the Tribological and Environmental Benefits of Iron Oxide Nanoparticle-Enriched Biodiesel Blends for IC Engines

This study investigates the development of bio-lubricants derived from Honge, Neem and Mahua seed oils, enhanced with iron oxide (Fe2O3) nanoparticles, for potential use in internal combustion engines. Through transesterification, using methanol and sodium hydroxide, biodiesel was produced and then blended in varying proportions with diesel and Fe2O3 nanoparticles. The properties of these blends, including flash and fire points, kinematic viscosity, cloud and pour points, density, ash content and acid number, were thoroughly assessed according to standard methodologies. Results indicated higher flash points for bio-lubricants over diesel, suggesting enhanced safety. Nanoparticle addition notably improved fuel properties, suggesting a pathway to optimising biodiesel blends for both performance and environmental benefits. The study underscores the viability of these nano-enhanced bio-lubricants as sustainable alternatives to conventional lubricants, offering significant environmental advantages, including lower sulfur emissions and cleaner combustion, aligning with global efforts towards greener energy solutions.