Epigenetic regulation of bovine embryo development: An update

Epigenetics is the study of heritable modifications in gene expression brought on by environmental influences including chemicals, stress, and diet that do not modify the DNA sequence. Traits including growth, reproduction, and disease resistance in farm animals are significantly influenced by epigenetic processes such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA control. These mechanisms impact development rates, fat deposition, and milk production, according to studies. Long-term alterations are induced by environmental stresses including heat and malnutrition. Gaining the knowledge of epigenetic regulation can improve the efficiency and sustainability of livestock production by allowing producers to choose animals with desirable features without the modification of genes. Developing ethical and sustainable livestock management techniques that satisfy global demands while preserving the productivity and health of animals will require further research. This review article discusses about the effect of epigenetic regulation on well-being and productivity attribute of livestock.