The Place of the Tulunid Dynasty in Islamic History

The article focuses on the Tulunids, one of the Turkic dynasties that ruled Egypt from 868 to 905. It analyzes the works and conclusions of medieval historians and modern researchers from Russia, Turkey, and Arab countries who have studied this period. Abu Abbas Ahmad ibn Tulun, the founder of the dynasty, was born in Baghdad but his roots trace back to Bukhara. The Tulunids became the first Turkic dynasty to secede from the caliphate and rule Egypt. The article delves into the historical circumstances of the emergence of the Tulunid state, its political history, economy, and social relations. Particular attention is paid to Ahmad ibn Tulun's attempt to move the residence of the Abbasid caliph Mutamid to Cairo to legitimize his power. However, due to the opposition of the caliph's brother, Ahmad al-Muwaffaq, this plan was not realized. Given that the origins of the Tulunid dynasty are linked to Central Asia, studying the political processes they carried out and the factors that contributed to Egypt's rise in the Middle Ages is a crucial study that allows us to assess the contribution of Turkic dynasties to medieval history. Medieval and modern researchers consider the 37-year period of the Tulunid dynasty's rule to be the "Golden Age" of medieval Egyptian history. This research paper is grounded in universally accepted historical methods, including historicism, comparative-logical analysis, sequence, objectivity, systematicity, and scientific rigor. Through comparison, analysis, and evaluation of the scientific works of medieval historians and contemporary researchers, an attempt has been made to provide objective conclusions about the Tulunids in Egypt.