Pharmacosomes: A Modified Vesicular Drug Delivery System

In the field of solubility enhancement, a novel approach called lipid drug delivery systems, specifically pharmacosomes, has emerged. As new diseases and disorders are discovered, it is crucial to develop new and innovative drug delivery systems to ensure maximum absorption of drugs at their target site. Amphiphilic drug complexes with active hydrogen atoms that attach to phospholipids are known as pharmacosomes. They offer several advantages such as diminutive size, amphiphilicity, high drug-loading efficiency, high entrapment efficiency, and stability. The physicochemical features of both the drug and the carrier influence drug release from pharmacosomes. Pharmacosomes have been created for proteins, cardiovascular, antineoplastic, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapies. They provide a potential substitute for traditional vesicles due to their unique features. Pharmacosomes are prepared using hand-shaking and ether injection methods. Compared to liposomal, transferosomal, and niosomal drug delivery systems, pharmacosomes have several advantages. However, with extensive research and promising preclinical results, the translation of these nanomedicines from laboratory to market has been limited. Intermediate polar solvents are used in order to prepare pharmacosomes, which improve membrane fluidity and enhance drug permeation rates. Because of their special qualities, which include active drug loading, compact size, high entrapment efficiency, amphiphilicity, and stability, pharmacosomes improve the biopharmaceutical qualities of both synthetic and natural medications. Colloidal vesicles, nanometric sized micelles, or a hexagon-shaped covalent organization of colloidal drug dispersions bound to phospholipids are examples of pharmacosomes. Pharmacosomes offer a promising alternative to conventional vesicles due to their ability to prolong the existence of drugs in the systemic circulation.