Evaluation of the Prevalence of Lesions Resembling Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia on Panoramic Radiographs: A Retrospective Study

Aim: Cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD) is a benign fibro-osseous lesion where normal bone tissue is replaced by fibrous connective tissue. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of COD, and its periapical, focal, and florid types based on age and gender using panoramic radiographs. Material and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Oral, Dental, and Maxillofacial Radiology, Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Dentistry. Panoramic radiographs of 500 patients who visited between January 2023 and January 2024 were included in the study. These radiographs were screened for the presence of subtypes of cemento-osseous dysplasia. The findings were classified according to age, gender, and types of COD. Results: Cemento-osseous dysplasia was detected in 25 out of 500 patients (5%). Among the radiographs, 19 cases were identified as focal COD (76%), and 6 cases as periapical COD (24%). No cases of florid COD were found. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of COD based on gender and age (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study highlights the utility of panoramic radiographs in detecting COD. The findings illuminate the distribution of different types of COD according to age and gender. The data obtained may provide a better understanding of the recognition and management of COD for dental practitioners and other healthcare professionals.