Design Optimization of the Mechanics of a Metamaterial-Based Prosthetic Foot

This paper is dedicated to the analysis of a foot prosthesis optimization process, with a particular focus on the application of optimization algorithms and unconventional materials, such as auxetic materials. The study aims to enhance prosthesis performance by minimizing the difference between the ground reaction force generated by the prosthetic foot and that of a natural limb. In the initial part of the study, the basic topics concerning the parameterization of the foot prosthesis geometry and the preparation of a finite element model for human gait are discussed. In the subsequent part of the study, the focus is on the optimization process, in which algorithms were applied to adjust the prosthesis structure to the patient's individual needs. The optimization process utilized a finite element method gait model. After validating the FEM, an algorithm generating the prosthesis geometry based on the given parameters was developed. These parameters were optimized using the VOA, comparing FEM gait model data on vertical ground reaction force with experimental results. The results of the foot prosthesis optimization are presented through a comparison of different structural models. The study also demonstrates the application of auxetic materials, which, due to their unique mechanical properties, can enhance foot prosthesis efficiency. Simulations were performed using multi-material topology optimization. The results obtained for different gait phases were compared.