TRENDS IN THE APPLICATION OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND MACHINES FOR HARVESTING BIOENERGY CROPS

An analysis of the design features and technological processes of the functioning of working bodies intended for One of the main areas of use of renewable energy sources in Ukraine is biomass energy. The bioenergy industry in Ukraine has the greatest development potential. This is due to the peculiarities of the climate, the potential of the agricultural sector and the availability of the necessary labor force. The greatest energy potential in Ukraine is possessed by such types of biomass as agricultural crops. Among the promising crops for green energy, both in the world and in Ukraine, energy willow is distinguished. Willow plantations are established in an area of sufficient moisture with a high level of groundwater. The article is devoted to the problem of harvesting and saving means of drying crushed willow mass for further use. In today's conditions, the problem of energy resources arises in the winter period. The production of solid types of biofuels - granules and briquettes - has gained the greatest development in Ukraine. The main raw materials for the production of solid biofuels are woodworking industry waste (sawdust, chips), straw of grain and leguminous crops, sunflower husks, etc. The production of such raw materials is unstable and seasonal, which negatively affects the efficiency of solid biofuel production plants. Energy willow is the main energy bioculture grown in agriculture. Willow is a fast-growing tree, the crushed mass of which is used to produce energy, and it is also an environmentally friendly raw material for the production of fuel pellets and briquettes suitable for burning in boilers. Based on comprehensive scientific research, taking into account biological, agrotechnical, technological and economic features, elements of the technology for growing energy willow in different agroclimatic zones of Ukraine have been developed. As a result, a technology for growing energy willow has been developed for the first time, which ensures a yield of biological raw materials of 40-70 t/ha and its use. Given the high importance of using energy willow as a solid biofuel, its harvesting and processing are of great importance in the technology.