Cyber-physical Workbench for human digital twin integration: A system proposal

"Industry 5.0" is the next step on an ever-evolving ecosystem with the objective of creating a symbiotic relation between automated processes and human workers, by bringing the human worker again to factory floors and use automated system to enhance the worker. This improvement can be done by using Digital Twins (DT) and Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), by assessing the human and managing the task to improve performance and monitor ergonomics. To create a foundation for the implementation of this type of DTs a system is proposed to obtain workers joints and assess their state using two RGBD (Red, Green, Blue and Depth) cameras. To evaluate such a system, three distinct tests were executed, one to assess real time error, one for continuous measurements on simple tasks, and the last one to gauge complex tasks. The system showed promising results with an adequate assessment of instant positioning with error inferior to 0.03 m and work volume assessment below 0.01 m<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup>, and an average root-mean-square of 0.035 m on trajectory assessment, but falling short on travel distance calculation with considerable error such as 0.3 m, but improvements are suggested.