Influence of Effective Microorganisms and Mineral Fertilizers on Soil Biogenicity Parameters and Soybean Yield

The research aimed to determine the effect of the application of effective microorganisms (EM) on the basic microbiological parameters of soil biogenicity and the height of soybean yield. The research was conducted in the period from 2016-2018. Factor A is the years 2016-2018; factor B soybean genotype Galina, Sava, Rubin and factor C application of EM: variant 1 - control, variant 2 - EM in the soil 20 lha-1 and foliar treatment in the phase of plant development from three to four trefoils and the budonization phase, (5 lha- 1); variant 3 - NPK fertilizer (8:15:15), 300 kgha-1, and variant 4 - EM in the soil 20 lha-1 and foliar treatments in the stage of plant development from three to four trefoils and the budonization stage + NPK of 300 kgha- 1. During full flowering, the basic parameters of soil biogenicity, the total number of microorganisms (TNB), the number of azotobacter (AZB) and actinomycetes (ACT) were determined. At the end of the growing season, the grain yield was measured. The results showed that factor A had a very significant influence on all the examined traits. Application of EM had a significant impact on all investigated parameters. The parameters of soil biogenicity in Variant 4 EM+NPK were statistically significantly (p<0.01) higher than the control and Variant 3. Variant 2 had a greater number p<0.01 compared to the control, while in relation to the long varieties, the significance was p<0.05. Factor C significantly influenced the examined parameters. The highest number of all tested parameters was determined in the Rubin genotype's rhizosphere. The obtained results were compatible with the yield level. The variety Rubin had the highest grain yield of 4105.03 kgha-1. Variant 2 with EM increased the yield by 13.29% compared to the control, which was at the level (p<0.05), and with the application of EM+NPK variant 4, the yield was higher by 15.95%, which was at the (p<0.01) level of significance.