Growth performance of Phaseolus vulgaris under phosphate fertilizers in a typical dystrophic red argisol

Common bean is consumed worldwide and in Brazil, the Paraná State stands out in the national production. To increase the crop yield, correctives and fertilizers are recommended; therefore, the most efficient phosphorus fertilizers should be used. This study aimed to assess the growth of common bean plants in response to sources of phosphate fertilizers in an Argisol with medium-sandy texture. The experiment was carried out in pots filled with samples of a typical Dystrophic Red Argisol. The treatments consisted of 5 phosphorus sources (Thermophosphate with micronutrients, Triple Superphosphate, K-rich Thermophosphate with micronutrients, Reactive Natural Phosphate and Precipitated Phosphate) and a control arranged in a randomized block design with 5 replications. Phaseolus vulgaris cultivar BRS Pérola was grown for 40 days. The vegetative characteristics shoot height, stem diameter, fresh and dry mass of the shoot and root, radius and root length were assessed. The soil was sampled (0-10 cm), pH (CaCl2) and available phosphorus content were analyzed. Phosphate fertilization increased common bean growth at 40 DAE and phosphorus content in the soil. Thermophosphate with micronutrients promoted increase in the height, fresh and dry mass of shoots and root length. The fertilizers raised the phosphorus content in the soil, and thermophosphate with micronutrients (229%), precipitated phosphate (158%) and natural reactive phosphate (171%) showed the greatest efficiency.