Design and Optimization Technologies for Civil Aircraft Cooling Systems

Aircraft cooling systems are vital components in modern aviation, ensuring that planes operate safely and efficiently under various environmental conditions. This paper provides an overview of the basic types of aircraft cooling systems, including liquid cooling, air cooling, and hybrid cooling systems, and examines recent advances in cooling technologies and optimization strategies. Through an analysis of technologies such as spray cooling and phase change materials, the paper highlights how optimizing material selection and heat dissipation design can enhance cooling efficiency. Additionally, it addresses the major challenges in cooling system design and operation, such as balancing weight and efficiency, adaptability, and maintenance issues. Looking ahead, emerging trends like smart cooling systems, nanomaterials, and the rise of electric aircraft are expected to drive further innovation in cooling technologies, improving the safety, sustainability, and efficiency of aviation.