Strengthening Civil Registration and Vital Statistics (CRVS) Systems in India: An Investment Case for Governance, Public Health, and Socio-economic Development

Civil Registration and Vital Statistics (CRVS) systems are essential for ensuring the accurate documentation of vital events, which is critical for effective governance, public health management, and socio-economic development. In India, despite advancements such as Aadhaar, significant gaps remain in CRVS coverage, especially in rural and tribal areas. This paper presents review of existing system as investment case for strengthening CRVS systems in India, highlighting the public health, governance, social, and economic benefits. A robust CRVS system would enhance health data quality, reduce inefficiencies in social protection programs, promote legal identity and social inclusion, and generate significant economic returns. Drawing from global best practices and case studies, this paper demonstrates the long-term benefits and return on investment of CRVS, emphasizing its role in helping India achieve its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 16.9 (legal identity for all). Key recommendations include expanding infrastructure, leveraging digital technologies, and integrating CRVS with existing health and social protection systems.