In-Vitro Shoot Induction Of Z.armatumIn High Proportion Of Cytokinin Containing MS Media

Background: Zanthoxylum armatum is a medicinally important plant facing threats due to over-exploitation and habitat destruction. In vitro propagation provides a sustainable solution for its conservation and large-scale production. Objective: This study aimed to optimize the regeneration, proliferation, and multiplication protocols for Z. armatum using tissue culture techniques. Methods: Explants of Z. armatum were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with varying concentrations of plant growth regulators (PGRs) such as benzyl amino purine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), and kinetin. Shoot regeneration, proliferation, and elongation were evaluated. Results: The optimal shoot regeneration was observed with 3 mg/L BAP and 2 mg/L IBA, achieving a 60% response rate, 3.46 shoots per explant, and 4.78 mm average shoot length. Maximum shoot proliferation was obtained with 4 mg/L BAP and 0.5 mg/L kinetin, resulting in 9.42 shoots per explant and a shoot length of 5.06 mm. Statistical analysis confirmed significant variations in growth parameters (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study establishes an efficient protocol for the in vitro propagation of Z. armatum, supporting its conservation and commercial cultivation for pharmaceutical and ethnobotanical applications.