Spatio-temporal analysis of rainfall distribution and its variability in mid central table land zone of Odisha

The study aims to analyse the spatial- temporal rainfall distribution and its variability in mid central table land zone of Odisha. Annual, seasonal, monthly rainfall as well as the probability of rainfall was computed by using ‘Weather cock’ software. To detect trends in annual and seasonal rainfall ‘MMKY’ package in ‘R studio’ software was used. Rainfall data of thirty three year (1991 to 2023) was collected from special Relief Commissioner (SRC), Govt. of Odisha for the purpose of block wise rainfall analysis in the study area. Present study reviled that the average annual rainfall in the mid-central table land zone was 1371mm. Among the two districts, Dhenkanal district recorded the maximum rainfall of 1423mm. The monsoon season accounted for the largest portion of the total rainfall, contributing between 72% and 86%. Most blocks are experiencing a decreasing trend in annual and southwest monsoon rainfall and increasing trend in post-monsoon and winter rainfall across most blocks in this zone. The blocks facing a decreasing trend should explore alternative strategies such as irrigation. Furthermore, the rise in post-monsoon and winter rainfall across most blocks in this zone highlights the significance of cultivating Rabi crops. Leveraging long-term regional weather data to assess the impacts of climate change, such as extreme weather patterns and their effects on the local environment, requires urgent focus for better agricultural planning and management.