A Survey of Comprehensive Evaluation Methods

With the rapid development of modern society and technology, the decision-making environment has become increasingly complex, characterized by diverse target requirements, ever-changing external conditions, and vast amounts of data. These factors have led to a significant increase in the number and types of evaluation indicators, presenting new challenges to the scientific and rational assessment of objectives. In this context, comprehensive evaluation has gradually become a research hotspot and has been widely applied across various fields. Through comprehensive evaluation, researchers and decision-makers can establish relationships between evaluation indicators and the targets being assessed, thereby optimizing the targets based on evaluation results. The comprehensive evaluation process mainly consists of three key steps: first, conducting in-depth research on various evaluation indicators, selecting those that can comprehensively and accurately reflect the target capabilities, and establishing an evaluation indicator system; second, analyzing the importance of selected evaluation indicators based on both subjective and objective conditions, and determining the weight of each indicator accordingly; third, selecting appropriate evaluation methods for comprehensive assessment to obtain final evaluation results. By rationally selecting and combining different methods in the comprehensive evaluation process, subjective bias can be effectively reduced, and the accuracy and reliability of the evaluation results can be improved. This article starts with these three main steps of comprehensive evaluation, explains common methods in each step, and summarizes their advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, it identifies existing problems in current research and offers practical suggestions for future work, providing a useful reference for related research and practice.