Energy-Efficient Internet of Things Monitoring with Content-Based Wake-Up Radio

The use of Wake-Up Radio (WUR) in Internet of Things (IoT) networks can significantly improve their energy efficiency: battery-powered sensors can remain in a low-power (sleep) mode while listening for wake-up messages using their WUR and reactivate only when polled. However, polling-based WUR may still lead to wasted energy if values sensed by the polled sensors provide no new information to the receiver, or in general have a low Value of Information (VoI). In this paper, we present Wake-Up with Awareness of VoI and Energy (WAVE), a scheme that combines the benefits of ID- and content-based WUR techniques by adapting to the update VoI. We analyze the trade-off between the tracking error and the battery lifetime of the sensors, showing that WAVE can provide fine-grained control of this trade-off and significantly increase the battery lifetime of the node with a minimal Mean Squared Error (MSE) increase.