Determining the Pathogens of Diarrheal Infections in Infants in Iraq Dhi-Qar Province

The purpose of the current study was to identify the various microbial species (fungi, bacteria, and protozoa) that cause diarrhea in newborns in the governorate of Dhi Qar. 110 obtained fecal samples from infants exhibiting symptoms of diarrhea at the Children's Hospital between August and October 2024. The collected information included the infants' names, genders, review dates, and whether they had taken antibiotics or not. Stool samples were obtained using sterile plastic bottles with a large opening to make collection easier. The container was promptly sealed to prevent any contamination. Subsequently, the samples were promptly subjected to microscopic analysis and culture, which occurred within a time frame of under two hours from the moment of collection. The present study had a total of 110 samples, with 62 (56.4%) being male newborns and 48 (43.6%) being female infants. The findings indicated that the bacterial isolates accounted for 47 (56.6%) of the total isolates, while the yeast isolates comprised 15 (18.1%), and the parasitic isolates comprised 21 (25.3%). The latest findings also revealed that the prevalence of E. coli infection was 84.2%. Three distinct isolates of different sorts were obtained from the feces of infants suffering from diarrhea. The presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is detected at a rate of 5.3%. Six distinct isolates of different kinds were obtained from the feces of infants suffering from diarrhea. Staphylococcus aureus has a prevalence of 10.5%. Conversely, the findings indicated the presence of E. histolytica (25.3%), one of several microbial species that cause diarrhea in newborns. The prevalence of E. histolytica infection among males (14/21, 66.7%) was greater than that among females, indicating that being male is associated with a considerably higher risk of contracting E. histolytica.