Deniz Taşımacılığında Çevresel Etki: Konteyner Limanı Hacimleri ile Karbon Emisyonları Arasındaki İlişkinin Analizi

Maritime transportation is one of the basic building blocks of international trade and plays a vital role for the sustainability of the global economic system. However, this sector is a serious challenge for environmental sustainability due to the impact of carbon emissions on climate change. Container ports, especially those operating in strategic regions in and around Europe, account for a significant share of emissions. This study examines the relationship between container port volumes and total CO₂ emissions in strategically important countries in and around Europe. Since the data do not meet the normality assumption, Spearman correlation analysis was preferred and the analysis was carried out using SPSS software. The results of the analysis revealed that the intensity of port operations has a significant impact on carbon emissions. In particular, a remarkable increase in carbon emissions is observed with the increase in port volumes. These findings show the necessity of developing sustainability-oriented practices and adopting energy efficiency policies in maritime transportation. Within the framework of IMO's MARPOL Annex VI regulations, this study provides a concrete data base to guide the industry to achieve environmental targets.