UNDERSTANDING THE COMPLEXITIES OF IRON METABOLISM AND ASSESSMENT FOR EFFECTIVE PRIMARY PREVENTION OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a widespread nutritional disorder affecting individuals globally. This article elucidates the complexities of iron metabolism, regulation, and assessment, highlighting the crucial role of hepcidin in iron homeostasis. The clinical manifestations, risk factors, and diagnostic markers of IDA, including serum ferritin, transferrin saturation,and emerging markers like erythroferrone are discussed.Effective prevention strategies,such as promoting healthy feeding practices, iron-fortified foods and drinks, and nutrition education, are emphasized. Early detection and management of IDA are critical to mitigating its adverse effects on cognitive function, physical performance, and overall well-being. This review aims to provide healthcare providers with a comprehensive understanding of iron metabolism and primary preventive strategies of IDA.