Application Progress and Optimization of Probiotics and Prebiotics in Chronic Diseases

The increasing prevalence of chronic illnesses can be attributed to modern unhealthy lifestyle habits, sparking significant interest in the role of probiotics in supporting gut health. Research has demonstrated the potential of probiotics to balance gut microbiota, leading to their application in functional foods. However, challenges remain, including ensuring the probiotics’ survival through the gastrointestinal tract and their absorption once they reach the gut. This article explores the relationship between probiotics and the human gut microbiome, with a focus on how dietary habits influence gut health. Furthermore, it discusses the mutagenesis of Lactobacillus plantarum and the application of these mutant probiotics in the treatment of hyperuricemia (HUA) and gout. A phenol high-throughput screening method is presented for identifying mutant probiotics, offering insights into more effective probiotic mutagenesis and screening techniques. Future research should aim to verify the success of probiotic mutations and focus on improving methodologies for probiotic development and delivery.