Effect of electricity use in residential building on the climate change: analysis, mitigation and recommendation

The consumption of electricity has witnessed a remarkable surge in the past decade, driven by the growing demand for power across various sectors, including residential, commercial, and industrial. This escalating reliance on electricity has consequently led to an increased strain on the power generation sector, necessitating a significant expansion and modernization of existing infrastructure. Currently, a substantial portion of the world’s electricity is generated by fossil fuel-intensive power plants, which rely heavily on coal, oil, and natural gas. These conventional power generation methods not only deplete the earth’s finite resources but also contribute significantly to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, exacerbating the challenges of climate change. There is a growing global consensus on the urgent need for clean and sustainable energy solutions. One such solution is the process of decarbonization, which involves the systematic reduction of carbon emissions across the economy, particularly within the energy sector. The integration of smart grid technologies and energy storage solutions, such as batteries, is crucial for managing the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources and ensuring a stable and reliable electricity supply. In this paper, the status of electricity use in residential building is analyzed and some recommendation for mitigation to climate change is provided.